July 31st, 2011
A Review of the book,
I’m not leaving., by Carl Wilkens
Carl Wilkens was the only American to remain in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide. He sent his family out of the country when evacuation orders came, and remained to stay by the side of his household employees who had Tutsi identity cards. The book title hints at the heroic themes to follow. When I consider the legacy of abandonment that the United States left in the genocide, even the title of Carl’s book, feels like cool water on a painfully burning issue.
I love this book. It’s short (only 165 pages), self-published and gets straight to storytelling. Carl does not try to extend the book with political background or much reflective philosophy. He explains his reasons for refusing orders to evacuate, and then goes on to tell countless unbelievable stories of day by day survival and his efforts to protect orphans located in various orphanages around Kigali. He makes simple but poignant observations throughout his book about faith, love and humanity, that knock you over with power of truth.
For me, the largest truth that I drew from Carl’s story, is the high value of individual relationship; the power of one to one humanity, over ideals, institutions or causes.
One passage drawing out this truth was letter exchange between Carl and the President of the Seventh Day Adventist World Wide Church, who ordered him to leave Rwanda by appealing to the greater good of the cause:
“Dear Carl,
I have tried various means to communicate with you personally and orally, but it has not been possible under the present conditions.
Thus I must resort to the written word. Your total commitment and dedication is both heroic and exemplary. Needless to say, I, and my fellow leaders appreciate you, and what you have accomplished. However, it is for this very reason that I am “asking” you to depart Kigali as soon as possible.
It goes against my very nature to use the word “order” in this context; however, that is the word that most accurately describes the sense that I must convey. I am aware that most of the UN personnel have left the area, and therefore expect you to determine a reasonably safe method of evacuation.
We must use your skills and knowledge to define future work in Rwanda. Therefore we are asking that you immediately relocate to Nairobi to work with others there in the vital look-ahead plans.
Your remaining in Kigali would deny the church and ADRA the input which you could provide, and can be counterproductive. For the greater good of the cause, (emphasis added) I want you to lay down the good work you have been doing in Kigali in order to become part of the larger task ahead.
This directive is given after much prayer and consultation. It is a decision, not a request. Please contact us immediately upon reaching Nairobi. Our prayer is that Christ will be with you and protect you as you relocate.
Yours in Christ
Robert S. Folkenberg.
President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists.”
Here is Carl’s reply:
“Dear Elder Folkenberg,
Thank you very much for your letter. I am not refusing to obey your directive, but I need your help with two things before I can comply.
First, I need your help telling my friends and Rwandan coworkers that God will be with them and protect them, and explain to them why I can’t stay and rely on that same presence and protection.
Secondly, I need your help in making arrangements for the safeguarding of the two young people in my home who have Tutsi ID cards that will surely lead to them being killed.
As soon as you are able to help me with these two things I will be glad to join my family in Nairobi.
Sincerely,
Carl Wilkens”
Let us follow Carl’s example of releasing our cause, for the sake of one or two souls! He disregarded any opportunity to “define future work in Rwanda” in order to save the life of two household employees.
There is no doubt that ADRA had done great work in Rwanda. But too often, we put the value of a great human institution, before the value of one person. Jesus radically showed us the reverse. Jesus told the parable of the lost sheep, of the shepherd’s willingness to leave the many, to rescue one desperate person.
Carl’s story goes on to describe very many unbelievable moments of decisions that lead to life or death. While he initially stayed to protect his household employees (who did indeed survive), he ended up saving the lives of hundreds of others, working alongside many Rwandans who sacrificed themselves to protect their fellow Rwandans. He describes how he learned to relate to the killers as human beings, and elicit their cooperation, in order to protect many orphans and people under his care.
I also realized by reading Carl’s story that I think about justice and fighting against evil in black and white ideals. Carl’s story teaches me that fighting for justice is a messy job that we shouldn’t judge. A person’s desperate fight to survive or to save others, confuses the distinction between good and evil, removing clear paths to justice.
Read Carl’s book. He will ground you back to one-to-one relationship, and simple truths of love and faith.
By Serena Morones
Carl’s book can be purchased from his website http://worldoutsidemyshoes.org, or here on Amazon.com. http://amzn.com/1450780806
Posted in Uncategorized | 2 Comments »
July 15th, 2011
We’ve customized an Amazon reading list to show a collection of our favorite books, movies and music about Rwanda.
Visit http://astore.amazon.com/speak01-20 and see our comments about specific books.
Keep reading, keep learning, keep relating!
Posted in Books about Rwanda | Leave a Comment »
July 1st, 2011
By Enric Sifa
On TV, in newspapers, on the radio, even from missionaries: when it comes to Africa, we hear negative things from all sorts of media. We hear about the wars, hate, malnutrition, disasters, and poverty of Africa. But are those really the only things Africa has? I remember, in Africa, when I was growing up, I never even thought about the things mentioned above. I thought Africa was the only place people should live. I loved the animals, the sun, the butterflies, the hills, and the valleys. I remember how beautiful the lakes and the rivers were. I remember how delicious the meat was, I remember the smiles of people, the parties every Friday, all the colors, and the rest of the beautiful things that Africa has. That’s what I remember of Africa.
African people are the happiest people you can ever find. One man may not even have salt in his food, but before he eats it, he says a prayer of praise to God for providing that food. He eats with a smile on his face and after he is done, he sleeps on a matt on the floor- with happiness. If a person gets a stomachache, he goes into the wild and chews a special kind of leaf that makes the stomachache go away. Another person doesn’t have any shoes, but you will still see him dancing on the hard dusty floor. He doesn’t care about shoes because he lives in paradise. He loves his life. You will see him playing soccer for ninety minutes straight with no shoes. He feels no pain. After soccer, he goes to take a bath. When he takes his bath, he may only have a bucket to use, but he is happy. That’s what I remember of Africa.
I loved to play with flowers in the streets. I loved the smell of the tall grasses beside the small roads. I loved the river that was only a mile away from my house. I loved the hills on the other side. I loved the party people who came to my house every friday. Life in Africa is so beautiful. People work hard, but they don’t let work and money determine who they are as people. The community is awesome, and you won’t find a single person who lacks friends. People are friendly and they like to include everyone: strangers, tall, short, fat, white, black…everyone. The music is amazing. Everyone, even a disabled person, has a beat. Everyone shakes the booty, man or a woman. If you can walk, you can dance; and if you can talk, you can sing. That’s what every African thinks, and it works well.
It’s frustrating that people don’t spend time talking about the beauty of Africa. It seems like they only focus on the negative. There is suffering everywhere. It’s good to help, but if we only talk about what Africa doesn’t have, Africa will always feel inferior. They won’t have the courage to achieve bigger dreams. I love Africa. I know the struggle. But I never knew the struggle until I left Africa. The thing is, we try to compare our lives with other people’s lives and then we come to the conclusion that if a person doesn’t have what we have, he must be suffering. Money and wealth do not make us people. We are people because we have life, and life comes freely to everyone. The president lives because of the free gift of life, just as the homeless person lives because of the free gift of life-neither live because of MONEY. Life is beautiful. Therefore, let us recognize the beauty in it and appreciate the ART of God.
Enric Sifa was born in and grew up in Rwanda. He is a singer/songwriter currently attending Warner Pacific College in Portland, Oregon. To learn more about Enric and his music, visit www.enricsifa.com
Tags: Enric Sifa, Rwanda
Posted in Perspectives on Humanitarian Work, Uncategorized | Leave a Comment »
May 11th, 2011
I want to invite you all to an Africa Journey.
Africa Journey is a group of people in Portland, Oregon who meet quarterly to talk and pray about our partnerships in Africa. The focus of our group is to discover how to develop genuine Christ centered relationships, that don’t result in dependency, entitlement, or any other form of putting ourselves first. Our journey is about relationships, not projects or missions.
We’ve created a blog at www.africajourney.org to allow those outside the Portland area to listen in a bit. Follow along if you are hungry for more insight into Western-African relationships.
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March 19th, 2011
Americans exert power, whether we realize it or not. Church members go on mission trips to visit the poor, with a wide open heart to help and give. I believe that in the process of trying to help, we unknowingly pressure the people of other cultures with our power. Jesus was most critical of the powerful, and most merciful to the weak. Let us examine our approach to helping the poor, and learn to love without applying power pressure.
We have difficulty sensing our power pressure, because we have never lived in a community of severe insecurity. We have options. We have money to complete a project, or we can figure out where to get it. We can get a job and rent an apartment. We feel confident to speak openly. We criticize with impunity. We believe in the American dream, where any idea is free to grow.
Our natural self confidence causes us to advocate ideas, to ask direct questions, to take action to provide a solution, such as donating money to complete a critical project. All of these behaviors feel intuitive to us, and don’t feel the least bit inappropriate.
We have never endured great loss from speaking openly. We’ve never lost a loved one for not complying. We’ve never coped with a total lack of options. We are not self-aware, that we naturally speak and act from a position of personal security and power, and that much of the rest of the world does not. Other cultures that have suffered under ruthless political regimes, war and extreme poverty, relate from histories of insecurity, and that’s an entirely different paradigm.
After ten years of engaging in African-Western relationships, I am starting to feel great respect for my African brothers and sisters who have learned deeper personal skills of flexibility than me. They know how to patiently endure power, how to humbly and respectfully go with the flow. They know how to give up for the sake of peace, or win by waiting. They cope with a lack of options and money. I have no idea how to do that.
I speak my mind, and make my case to defend my plans, because I can. My peers respect me for it. American culture is a mutual power exerting culture, whereas many other cultures are mutual submissive cultures; a patient wait and see approach. It’s critical for us to realize that our natural first response is to step forward, whereas in many other cultures, a first natural response is to yield and step back. We need to realize this difference, so that we don’t incorrectly assume that people agree with us when in fact they don’t.
When I first travelled to Rwanda, all sorts of creative, helpful ideas bubbled up within me. My solutions to extreme poverty ranged from very grandiose, like building a world class high school, to very small, such as donating chickens to our orphanage home. My ideas met with enthusiastic affirmation, and I started to believe that I possessed exceptional creativity and even entrepreneurial genius. Rwanda felt like a magical land where every idea has merit. But as my projects unfolded, I started to see glimpses that some of my ideas were not that culturally appropriate or actually wanted. The chicken coop only got half built, and the money invested was lost. Other projects led to even greater painful results.
My helpful ideas met with initial agreement but not actual consensus. My friends yielded to me out of respect for my position as a visitor and person of wealth. There is a huge difference between consensus and yielding that is lost on most Westerners. Lack of consensus will require a great cost to be paid on the back end of a project, and of a relationship.
Jesus’ love is radical. Jesus’ love does not seek its own way. How can I release my power pressure, and live in mutual submission with those of other cultures? How do I truly gain consensus? To start, I will be willing to spend time, without seeking to bring an idea. I will also let ideas take a very long time to percolate, and gain consensus before moving forward. I may wait to be asked to help, instead of asking if I can help. And I will look for opportunities to respectfully go with the flow.
Serena Morones
Posted in Perspectives on Humanitarian Work | 3 Comments »
February 14th, 2011
Africa inspires me to feel unlimited hope for life change. When I first met Rwandan orphans who had bright eyes, wide smiles showing perfect white teeth, and surprising plans for the future, I was jolted into a swirling dance of ideas, hope and action. I’ve lived this energizing journey for more than ten years now. It’s a thrilling but difficult place. Along my journey, I’ve come to discover an odd behavior in myself, and others like me. I call it the myth of the blank canvas.
We look at the African orphan (or widow, or poor person) as a blank canvas, ready for us to splash brilliantly colored paint that will fill out the emptiness of their life. By blank canvas, I mean we forget to imagine what or who came before us. We don’t realize the values, priorities and relationships that constitute the deeply ingrained identity of the person we want to help.
In 2007, I had the good luck of meeting a group of business entrepreneurs at Bourbon Coffee in Kigali. A friend connected me because he thought I would benefit from collaborating with ambitious American businessmen working in Rwanda. I sat within the circle of dreamers and thinkers, all of whom had become successful and wealthy in America. They talked of founding a high quality university in Kigali, with just the right educational programs that would fill the deficit of skills in Rwanda, as well as starting business enterprises to employ the students. The plan was enormous, and sounded perfect in every way. They expected their plan to be one of the most pivotal events in Rwanda’s development. Then, in the midst of the euphoria, one of the guys said, “It’s so exciting to be here in this moment today. I feel like I am eavesdropping, as the founding fathers discuss the plans that will establish the country.”
Founding fathers? Who do we think we are? At least one of these men saw Rwanda as a blank canvas, ready for their big splashes of paint that would make everything beautiful. I have come to see this is really how many of us westerners think. Why do we disregard what is already? When we want to help someone, why do we not honor and learn about the other relationships in that person’s life? Is it because we see the past as being too broken to be significant?
I’ve helped many Rwandans over the years, and looking back I can see that in early days, I did not adequately regard the identities of those I helped. I viewed the youth of Rwanda as enormous opportunities for growth and life change, and thought they would be open to any idea I had for helping. In fact, I believed so strongly in the wisdom of my own ideas, I declined to follow advice from older Rwandans. Of course, pain resulted.
As time passed, I realized that my simplistic view was a myth, especially when I saw other Americans behaving as if nothing and no one had come before them.
My husband and I brought a group of Rwandan singers on music tours for three years in row. As we toured around the West Coast, we noticed that host families seemed very intent on imparting their knowledge and interests onto the guys. They treated the guys like molds ready to be imprinted. One person gave a violin and insisted that the Rwandan youth learn it. People gave them books, CDs, art, gadgets and hobby tools, and insisted that they adopt it all. The guys would hear all sorts of strong advice that was wholly impractical for their situations. This pattern was ridiculously common to the extent that my husband and I joked about it. But the jokes pricked me into awareness of my own self-absorbed perspective.
One of the most emotional moments of realizing the myth came a few years back when I asked my friend Angie if she would open her home to host Eric, one of the young musicians I had helped for many years, to be able to attend school in America. Angie had been to Rwanda and had started to think about adoption, so her heart was ready and open to welcome a Rwandan youth into her home. Several months after Eric joined her family, Angie wrote a wonderful, heartfelt blog about her adoption of Eric, and what it meant to her to have Eric like a son in her family. Angie is a great friend (and gave me permission to tell this story), but her blog struck me oddly and made me feel empty. The blog made me feel as if Angie wasn’t considering the long journey Eric had travelled to get to her home, or the other families, including my own, who had sacrificed to bring him that far.
When we don’t know what is already there, or who has come before, we are not learning the identity of the person we are trying to love. We are loving our ideas of how to change a person, more than loving the person.
There was certainly nothing negative about Angie’s high commitment to parent Eric, just as there is nothing negative about our desires to help the poor, orphaned and widowed. Angie and her family remain one of the most important, life giving relationships to Eric. But this kind of parenting is very different, because while Eric is an orphan, he came to her home with a huge world of relationships, experiences and identity; a beautiful and complex picture. The best outcome for Angie, me and others like us will come after a long time of patient listening and learning how to best fit into a complex story.
Many short-term mission and humanitarian projects fail. I believe failure is partly due to the speed at which the idea came together. We don’t take time to listen and learn how to best fit into what is already there. Jean Hatzfield, author of the “The Antelope Strategy,” translated the word Muzungu as “usurper.” I felt shocked to read such strongly negative translation of the word for white person. But as I reflect, I realize that it’s true that our ambitious world changing plans often usurp what was already in process, either in one person’s life or in a community. Wouldn’t it be better to weave our efforts to help into what already is in process, than to launch a whole new initiative?
Why do we try to make people into copies of ourselves, instead of first understanding the person we are trying to help? I don’t think it’s because we are bad people. I believe it’s because we all deeply yearn for significance. We want to imprint our identity on needy people, because we want to feel valuable, smart and capable of changing the world. But our desire for significance cannot be gratified by helping others. Our need for significance will only be filled when we live in eternity in the presence of God.
Posted in Perspectives on Humanitarian Work | 2 Comments »
January 11th, 2011
Three Great Reasons to add the CD Rwanda Rhythms to Your Music Collection
If you’ve been to Rwanda, you’ll want more of it!
When you visit Rwanda, quite often you’ll find yourself wanting to extend your experience. You’ll seek out more opportunities to visit. You’ll want to meet more of the Rwandan people. You’ll start immersing yourself in more of the culture and language, and before you know it, you’ll look for more tangible ways to help. Listening to Rwandan music will help re-connect you with your experience.
Good Rwandan music is still very hard to find
Even though singing, drumming and dancing permeates Rwandan culture, the traditional music of Rwanda is still very hard to find, either in Rwanda or out of it. Much of the music being produced today in Rwanda is a Western style rap/hip hop or R&B that is popular with Rwandan youth, but not appealing to visitors. While we can enjoy our own (and others) video recordings of music and intore dancing on YouTube, the high quality music for our ipods and stereos is not there.
Listening to traditional Rwandan music can help you learn the language of Rwanda
If you’ve decided to learn a bit of Kinyarwanda and are looking for ways to practice your pronunciation, listening to songs in the native language of Rwanda is a great way to tune your ears to understanding Kinyarwanda words and phrases.
Learn Kinyarwanda through Music!
Click Here to download the free translations for the 11 Rwanda Rhythms songs. For each song, we have chosen a simple phrase to highlight for your learning. While you listen, focus on repeating and thinking about these highlighted phrases. Soon, the sounds of Kinyarwanda will become comfortable to your ears.
(I have been studying Kinyarwanda for a while, but listening to these songs made me realize that I mispronounce Urabeho, “Goodbye.”)
We hope you enjoy this lovely music. If you know someone who has recently traveled to Rwanda, the Rwanda Rhythms CD would make a perfect Christmas gift! Please help us spread the word about this music project to those who love Rwanda.
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October 26th, 2010
Read “A Thousand Hills” if you are intrigued by Kagame and wish to learn a few more facets of him. As a book about Rwanda however, I was not that impressed. The book repeats much of the contents of “Shake Hands With the Devil”, by Romeo Dallaire, and also presents a disjointed summary of some notable acheivements by well known Rwandans and Westerners during the recovery period.
But if you are trying to understand this Enigmatic leader of Rwanda then do dive in. The author interviewed Kagame extensively and provides Kagame’s commentaries on several issues and points of Rwanda’s history. I find Kagame’s perspectives riveting!
This books also presents a few aspects of Rwanda’s story that I had not fully appreciated before.
For the first time I felt the pain and isolation of the Rwandan refugees who grew up in neighboring countries and struggled to live without an honorable identity or home. The decision by the Habiyarimana regime not to allow them to return was a fatal political position that caused pressure to build up within the refugees and incensed them to a level of war. Kagame ingeniously raised up a rebel army inside the Ugandan army, using Uganda’s resources and military context to train his own army. That aspect of Kagame’s story and Rwanda’s history is beyond remarkable. I had also never read about the story of the extreme suffering of the RPF army in the mountains while training, and outpouring of help from Rwandans around the world to bolster the RPF army to takeover Rwanda.
I also was unaware of the long tail of the genocide. I think many westerners believe that Kagame came in and “stopped” the genocide and began recovery. The real story acording to Kinzer, is that the Hutu extremists fled to Congo where they continued killing and invading Rwanda. For several years Kagame continued to fight them and these extremist continued to try and finish the genocide. Kagame battled to the point of overthrowing the President of Congo in order to get enough control of Congo to defeat his enemies. The hutu extremists used refugee camps and innocent populations as human shields, and the RPF armies took the innocent people down as casulties of war. The realities of these post genocide battles are harsh and messy, and give rise to huge controversies today over war crimes and human rights. I had no idea that Rwanda was violent for so long after the genocide, and had barely settled down by the time I started visiting in 2002. Rwanda’s current stability is much younger than I realized.
Getting back to Kagame’s quotes, in sum, I would say from reading this book, that Kagame values posession of Rwanda and security of his country, above all else. All else.
Anything that threatens those values, cannot stand before him. I have to stop and deeply ponder that kind of man. For one, I have never been in a place in my life where I needed to value security above all else. I mean, everything else…before God, before my family, before my personal values. I am not sure if I believe it’s right or wrong, because I’ve never been forced to push my morality to that kind of essential choice. I confess that it doesn’t sit well with my faith and Christian values. But my Christian faith has bloomed in the highly secure and free United States. And I also know that Kagame has suffered, endured and achieved what few humans would ever experience. He undoubtedly has a perspective that few humans in history have ever had.
Here is one Kagame quote from the book that sheds light on this burden of security that he carries. This quote was given in response to his decision to put an alleged genocide criminal in a position of power in his new government:
“The moral aspect of the thing comes later. People first must be safe. The moral dilemma is always part of the equation, but you don’t just look at that. If that’s your only factor in decision making, you don’t move fowarward with what you might otherwise achieve…”
More thoughts about this book in the days to come…
Posted in Books about Rwanda, Uncategorized | 1 Comment »
October 11th, 2010
For me, a big takaway from the book, “The Antelope’s Strategy by Jean Hatzfeld,” is that Rwandans may speak very differently from, or even the opposite of how they feel.
This reality is revealed over and over in the testimonies of survivors who live along side killers, and killers who returned to villages to work along side survivors. Those who have been traumitized believe they are not free to exress their emotions. And even with Gacaca, the killers have very little opportunity to speak openly to the families of their victims. It makes me wonder what will be the long term impact of all of this repressed emotion?
I already knew that Rwandan people communicate indirectly, from my many experiences there, and from reading African Friends and Money Matters by David Maranz. (If you’re working in Rwanda and you haven’t read this book, stop everything right now and read it!)
Reading the quotes and testimonies of those interviewed in “The Antelope’s Strategy” astonished me to a greater degree. Those interviewed by the author reveal how their hearts differ vastly from their lips.
We Westerners can get a head knowledge of this issue, but it’s hard for us to deeply grasp and work with this way of communication. In America, we pretty much speak openly about what we feel or think. In fact, our society is overwhelmed with too many people speaking their mind. It’s a challenge for us to wade through the ocean of full expression.
In my Rwandan relationships, I still find myself responding as if people are speaking openly to me, even though I have a head knowledge that possibly they aren’t. My style of communication is deeply ingrained, and it would take many years being immersed in another culture to respond differently.
So what does this mean to us Westerners who are trying to partner with the people of Rwanda? To me it means a lot of time, patience and committment to listen and understand. It means humility of realizing that we don’t have superior answers (because we likely don’t even understand the problem). It means we should take longer to develop partnership plans than we would in the West, so that we have time to understand more deeply. This is one reason why I am driven to learn Kinyarwanda; so that I have more skills to be able to listen and learn.
Posted in Books about Rwanda | 1 Comment »
October 10th, 2010
I discovered Rwanda in 2000, when I met a Rwandan pastor Charles Buregeya. Since then I have visited 15 times, helped raise up an NGO in Rwanda, and created SpeakRwanda. Along the way I’ve read a lot of books, probably something more than 20. In the beginning they were so hard to understand. In my early days of reading, I could grasp only a fraction of the political facts and the humanity issues. I would focus on one or two issues and ponder those for a while, leaving the rest alone because I just couldn’t process so much at once. I saw the political issues very simplistically, mostly focusing on the evil of the genocide and those that perpetrated it. As the years go on, I find that I am able to let many more issues interact in my mind, and I feel like I am getting to deeper levels of understanding of this vexing country. After ten years of diligent pursuit of Rwanda, I now feel great excitement when I read a new book. I feel like each new book ads one more puzzle piece to a picture that is actually getting to be visible.
So I would like to talk about Rwanda here, starting with some of the great books I’ve been reading lately. Hopefully other topics will intertwine along the way.
To start out this discussion, I would like to leave you with a quote from “The Antelope’s Strategy.” This book gives interview quotes from villagers, who are both survivors and perpetrators of the genocide. The quotes are their answers to the author’s questions about what it’s been like to live in Rwanda after the genocide. These quotes are not the opinions of the author, or of me. But it’s quite astonishing to see inside the minds of some of the villagers who have lived through it all. Here is one:
Innocent Rwililiza:
“If you think about it, who is talking about forgiveness? The Tutsis? The Hutus? The freed prisoners, ther families? none of them. It’s the humanitarian organizations. They are importing forgiveness to Rwanda, and they wrap it in lots of dollars to win us over. There is a Forgiveness Plan just as there is an AIDS Plan, which public awareness meetings, posters, petty local presidents, super-polite Whites in all-terrain turbo vehicles. These humanitarian workers lecture our teachers, bring our communal councilors on board. They finance various assistance projects. As for us, we speak of forgiveness to earn their good opinion–and because the subsidies can be lucrative. But when we talk among ourselves, the word forgiveness has no place; I mean that it’s oppressive. For example: You see Adalbert return. He led the killings in Kibungo Hill, he was pardoned, he parades around Kigali, he wields his machete once more in his fields. You, you’re from Kibungo, living five hundred meters from his house, and you lost your mama, papa, two sisters, wife and little boy. You run into Adalbert downtown. He to you, you to him–who’s going to say that world forgiveness? It’s outside of nature. The times we live in just shove everything down our throats.”
Posted in Books about Rwanda | 3 Comments »
